Who Decides Sentencing in a Criminal Case: The Judge or the Jury?

In most Arizona criminal cases, the judge decides the sentence, not the jury. A jury generally determines whether the defendant is guilty, while the judge determines the punishment under Arizona law. However, juries may also have a role in sentencing when certain aggravating factors must be established. Arizona sentencing laws consider the offense, the defendant’s […]

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Can Border Patrol Search Your Car at an I-19 Checkpoint if You Say No?

You can refuse to consent to a Border Patrol search of your car at the permanent I-19 immigration checkpoint between Tucson and Nogales, near Amado, but saying no does not always prevent a search. At a checkpoint away from the border or its functional equivalent, Border Patrol generally needs your consent or probable cause to […]

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Can You Go to Jail for Shoplifting a Low-Value Item at the Tucson Gem Show?

Shoplifting a low-value item at the Tucson Gem Show can lead to jail time under Arizona law. Property valued at less than $1,000 is generally a Class 1 misdemeanor when shoplifting is charged, but there are exceptions that can result in felony charges. If you have been accused of taking merchandise from a Tucson Gem […]

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Your Rights When You Are Detained: Do You Really Get a Phone Call?

You’ve almost certainly seen on TV or in a movie that someone is arrested and immediately gets one phone call—and one phone call only. It’s a familiar scene, but it is not an accurate statement of the law. In Arizona, your rights after being detained or arrested are a little more nuanced than what is […]

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Are Police Scanners Legal in Arizona?

Many people use police scanners as a tool to stay informed about local emergencies, nearby accidents, and public safety news in their communities. Thanks to easily available scanner apps and local radio broadcasts streamed online, more Arizona residents than ever are listening in. With this increased access, it’s common to wonder if using a police […]

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Arizona Statute of Limitations for Criminal Cases

In Arizona, the statute of limitations is the legal window during which the state may file criminal charges against a potential defendant. If prosecutors try to file charges after this deadline has expired and no valid exception applies, the case can be dismissed, and the accused cannot be prosecuted for that offense. The actual time […]

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How Long Can You Be Held in an Arizona Jail Before a Conviction?

Being arrested and held in jail as a criminal defendant is a stressful experience under any circumstances. However, it can become even more so when you don’t know how long you might be detained before your case is resolved. Arizona law provides important protections for people who have been accused of a crime but have […]

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Minimum Sentence for Racketeering in Arizona

Racketeering is when someone commits, tries to commit, or helps with certain serious crimes, called “predicate offenses,” like drug trafficking, fraud, money laundering, or extortion, and does it for financial benefit. In Arizona, the law doesn’t require proof of a large or long-term criminal operation like a classic criminal gang; even a single event can […]

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When Does Cyberbullying Become a Crime?

Cyberbullying is widely recognized as harmful, but not all online harassment is illegal. Many people are surprised to learn that cruel, offensive, or upsetting online behavior does not automatically rise to the level of a crime.  The key legal issue is when cyberbullying crosses the line from protected speech into conduct that violates Arizona criminal […]

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Is Having a Sugar Daddy Illegal in Arizona?

People often wonder if having a sugar daddy or sugar baby is legal in Arizona, especially as these types of relationships become more visible on social media and in the news. When most people talk about a “sugar daddy,” they mean an older, financially secure person who provides gifts, money, or financial help to a […]

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